Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



.specilication, in whichlinem x of Fig. l,'sho'wing the cone-seatin its v"trating the manner injwhich the cone-seat with the cone-seat in 0 cartridge.

such an objection to the-ordinary forms of The nature of this my invention-consists in .-,combined therewith as. that when the cone-seat thegun, and, pressing against the base of the STATES I ATENT FFICE.

unwnnn MAYNARD, or wnsnrno'ron, DlSTRIGl or COLUMBIA.

IMPRQVEMENT |N BRE-ECH-LOADlN-G FIRE-ARMS.

I Specification rornnng part of Letters Patent No. 9,130, dated August 1, 1965.

To all whom it may concern:

- Be it known that I, EDWARD MAYNARD, of Washington city, in the District of Columbia, have invented a new and useful Improvement in the Einged Cone-Seats of Breech-Loading.- Fire-Arms; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full','-'clear,-and exact description of the same, reference being had to the ac,- companying drawings, forming a part of this Figure l is an elevation of a portion of the stock and barrel of a breech-loading rifle having an improved cone-seat attached thereto. Fig. 2 is a central ilongitndinal section of the same; Fig. 3, a 'cross seotion thereofin the position closed; Fig.4, a'simila'r section, illusswings open; and Fig. 5, a vertical-longitudh nal section in the line yy of Fig. 3, showing the manner of combining the extehded cone rder to tire a printed Similar lettersot' reference indicate like parts in all of the figures. I It has been found in most breech-loading ri-. fies that t-hBI'B'lS at each discharge of the gun, and to a greater'or less degree, an escape of gas through the joint, made by the movable breech-block or cone-seat with the rear end of the barrel, which escape inay he attended with danger if it be from a ruptured cartridge. My present'iuvention is designed to obviate movable cone-seats by securinga free outlet for any escaping gas.

substituting for the ordinary solid hinged cone-f seat or recoil-block an improved cone-seat sol-id inthe rear, but havin g its front portion cut away so as to leave simplyau arched cas ing to close the loading-aperture, and a cen: tral projecting rod-or pillar so varranged ahd is closed it shall be coincident with the axis of inserted cartridge, port against recoil.

A in the drawings represents this cone-seat.- Its rear end is made solid, as seenat a in Fig. 2, and is enlarged for a short distance, so as to nearly fill the loading-aperture at this point and,

give it-a fixed and. firm sup-- to afford a broad and com furnish a base for the recoil-pillar B. its forward portion consists simply of a shell or arched covering, 0, which extends far enough to form a tight joint with the rear end. of the gun-barrel D when shut down over the loading-aperture,'aml which partially encirdlesthe.

pillar or rod B, extending from its rear solidv follows that when it is closed down'therein an open space iSJGitJJGl'WQCll the two, which, in continuation with the space between the rod and the arch cot the cone-seat above, will form an encircling-chamber, s, around'the rod,

as illustrated in Fig.3 of the drawings. This" open space 8, encircling the recoil-rod, B, has free outlet through a longitudinal slot, w, formed by cutting down the free edge of the cone-seat for a short distance, as seen in Figs.

1 and 3. A head,H, equal, or nearly equal, in diameter to the base of the cartridge placedin the gun, is formed or secured upon the front end of the recoil-rod B, as seen in Fig. 2, so as plete support to the base of the cartridge. Y e

The chambered conc-seat'A, with its recoilpillar'B, is hinged to the barrel D of the gunv upon one side of its loading-aperture E, in the usual n/anner, (See Fig. 5.) To perfect this improved chambered coneseat A, I drill'a lougitudinal aperture through the center of therecoil-rod B, to rece'ive'a catch, G5; which, working against-a shoulder and projecting slightly.

beyond the rear face of there'coil-seat, en gages with a recess in the front face of the breechpinIF, to keep the cone-seat from flying open under any slight force or pressure. The spring actuating this catch G is placed behind it, occupying the'remainder of the aperture, which is closed in front by the shank of the head H,

with which the recoil-rod B terminates, and

which is made to screw therein, all as illustratedin Fig. 2 of the drawings. This form of chambered cone-seat is especially adapted to breech-loadin g guns using a-prizned metallic cartridge, in which the cartridgeis exploded by an extended cone whose end strikes against a primed flange or recess in the cartridge. Figs. 1, 3, and 4 illustrate the combination and arrangement of such a firing-cone with this my improved cone-seat. The upper portion of the cone-seat is enlarged somewhat to give place for the cone K, which is placed so as to be struck by the hammer of the gun,- and made to extend thence forward through an inclined perforation until its front end projects slightly beyond the front edge of the cone-seat at'the proper point to strike the priming of theicarridge d. A spring encircling the cone-rod within the aperturefthrough which it passes keeps it back from contact with the.cartridge until forced forward by the blow of the hammer. It is kept steady in its aperture by means of a pin, (2, working in a slot cut on one side thereof, and its front end is so rounded as that if it accidentally projects beyond the front end of the cone-seat when the latter is closed down it will he automatically forced backinto place. When a cartridge, (1, has been inserted into the chamber of the gun and the cone-seat A closed down the head H of the recoil-rod B .will bear closely against its base and give it firm support. The front end of the cone seat proper will also form a tight joint with the rear end of the gun-barrel D, while there will remain an open space orchamber, s, encircling the recoil-rod and opening outwardly through the longitudinal slot w. Any gas which may therefore leak back from the cartridge at the explosion of the charge, instead of forcing its way through the joint of the cone-seat with the barrel, will escape into the open chamber 8,

and thence outwardly, so that there can be no cutting or wear of said joint or injury to the recoil-seat from this cause, and they will remain constant, however much the gun maybe used.- It is evident that the gas-escape chamber s need not necessarily completely encircle the recoil-rod B to allow free exit to the leakage of gas, and I contemplate restricting it, if need be, to smaller proportions, other arrangements thereof to accomplish the object of my invention, substantially in the manner set forth. The position of the firing cone or rod K may be also readily changed or varied. to render it useful and applicable in connection with yarious forms of primed cartridges; and I do not restrict myself to its use incombination with myimproved cone-seatin any given position.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim thereinas new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is -1. The formation of an outletin or through the cone-seator recoil-block of breech-loading fire-arms, to permit the free escape of gases leaking from the cartridge or gun-barrel at the explosion of the charge therein, substantially in the manner'hereiu set forth.

2-. The use and combination of a central recoil-rod, B, with a movable cone-seat, A, and theloading-aperture of a breech-loading gun, substantially in the manner and for the purpose herein set forth.

EDWARD MAYNARD.

Witnesses Davin A. Beau,

GILBERT B. Townes.

as well as V 

